Dr. Perri showed us an in-depht renal surgery of a stone located in a renal calyx undergone by a robot controlled by himself with an external joystick. Depicting all the docking process and the steps to finally achieve the complete resolution of the stone, he emphasized the role of robotics in endourology by allowing diverse motions in operative fields and better ergonomics for surgeons than manual laparoscopy. The endourology robot could become in a near future a resolving system to treat stones in kidneys with anatomical abnormalities or narrow spaces.

Finding the right laser is becoming a common and difficult problem in urological practice. The development of many popular devices, available as holmium, diode and thulium lasers (and many more), makes the decision to use a laser device an arduous task. Laser techniques are versatile tools in urology.

They are an indispensable tool in the treatment of patients with urolithiasis, but their use is becoming particularly important in patients with prostate disease. Knowledge of the specifications of each laser is essential for more efficient endourological treatment. Comparing the characteristics of different lasers is a must when planning surgery. Dr Somani briefly described the best area of use for each laser device, based on the most accurate and up-to-date evidence.

A round-table presentation in which four experts share their opinions and beliefs about minimally invasive surgery for patients with BPH. The more techniques are developed, the more important it is to know the correct area in which to perform each of them. Each speaker presented their current experience with the devices and characterised the perfect clinical case to undergo the surgery. Adapting the resources to an individual clinical case is a difficult issue, for this reason, knowledge of the available techniques, but also knowing how, when and where to perform them, is considered the solid base to achieve a well-performed surgery.